Деловой английский- расширяем активный словарный запас employees

Topic 14.1         Employees - Hiring and Firing
∙  hire (hires, hiring, hired) VERB fire (fires, firing, fired) VERB
If you hire someone, you employ them or pay them to do a particular job for you.
If an employer fires you, they dismiss you from your job.
The rest of the staff have been hired on short-term contracts.
If he wasn't so good at his job, I probably would have fired him.
m headhunt (headhunts, headhunting,
headhunted) VERB
If someone who works for a particular company is headhunted, they leave that
company because another company has approached them and offered them another
job with better pay and higher status.
He was headhunted by Barkers last October.
They may headhunt her for the position of Executive Producer.
∙  recruit (recruits, recruiting, recruited) VERB dismiss (dismisses, dismissing,
dismissed) VERB
If you recruit people for an organization, you select them and persuade them
to join it or work for it. When an employer dismisses an employee, the employer
tells the employee that they are no longer needed to do the job they have been
doing.
The police are trying to recruit more black and Asian officers.
 ... the power to dismiss civil servants who refuse to work.
∙  headhunter (headhunted) N-COUNT recruitment consultant (recruitment
consultants) N-COUNT
A headhunter or recruitment consultant is a person or service that helps professional
people to find work by introducing them to potential employers.
 ...a top international headhunter who places chairmen and chief executives in
private companies, with salaries of up to £1 million. Recruitment consultants
and employment agencies may help to locate opportunities more effectively, but
there are pitfalls.
∙  notice N-UNCOUNT
give somebody notice PHRASE hand in your notice PHRASE give in your notice PHRASE
If you give notice about something that is going to happen, you give a warning
in advance that it is going to happen. If an employer gives an employee notice,
the employer tells the employee that he or she must leave his or her job within
a fixed period of time. If you hand in your notice or give in your notice, you
tell your employer that you intend to leave your job soon within a set period
of time.
Employers and employees often do not expressly agree on the
length of notice required to terminate employment.
The next morning I telephoned him and gave him his notice.
He handed in his notice at the bank and ruined his career.
He sold his house and gave in his notice.
∙ constructive dismissal N-UNCOUNT unfair dismissal N-UNCOUNT
If an employee claims constructive dismissal, they beg - a I legal action against
their employer in which they claim that --J were forced to leave their job because
of the behaviour c employer. If an employee claims unfair dismissal, they b-eaiJ
legal action against their employer in which they claim that rJ were dismissed
from their job unfairly.
The woman claims she was the victim of constructive disrr ::.J
after being demoted from her job as senior supervisor.
His former chauffeur is claiming unfair dismissal on the grc^ ia
of racial discrimination.
m severance ADJ
Severance pay is a sum of money that a company gives to tm
employees when it has to stop employing them. We were offered 13 weeks' severance
pay. More than 170 workers opted for a voluntary severance of four to 12 months'
pay, plus travel and education vov
∙  redundant ADJ redundancy (redundancies) N-VAR
If you are made redundant, your employer tells you to lea .∙   I because
your job is no longer necessary or because your employer cannot afford to keep
paying you. Redundancy means being made redundant.
My husband was made redundant late last year.
Thousands of bank employees are facing redundancy.
Last week, 75 redundancies were announced.
∙ sack (sacks, sacking, sacked) VERB give someone the sack PHRASE get the
sack PHRASE
If your employers sack you, they tell you that you can no I work for them. If
someone is given the sack, or if they get the sack, they are sacked.
Earlier today the Prime Minister sacked 18 government offic : .
People who make mistakes can be given the sack the same ::.
52 managers got the sack in one year.
∙  reference (references) N-COUNT referee (referees) N-COUNT
A reference is a letter that is written by someone who knov.  you and which
describes your character and abilities. When yo. apply for a job, an employer
might ask for references. A referee is a person who gives you a reference, for
example when you ;-» applying for a job.
The firm offered to give her a reference.
One problem that frequently arises is that you do not wish to
give your present employer as a referee when applying for a /or  I
5 compensation:Topic 14.2; interview:Topic 14.4
 
 
158
Topic
14,2
Employees - Remuneration
∙ pay N-UNCOUNT salary (salaries) N-COUNT wage (wages) N-COUNT remuneration
(remunerations) N-VAR income (incomes) N-VAR
Your pay is the money that you get from your employer as wages or salary. A salary
is the money that someone is paid each month by their employer, especially when
they are in a profession such as teaching, law, or medicine. Someone's wages
are the amount of money that is regularly paid to them for the work that they
do. Someone's remuneration is the amount of money that they are paid for the
work that they do. A person's income is the money that they earn or receive,
as opposed to the money that they have to
spend or pay out.
 ... their complaints about their pay and conditions.
 ... the workers' demand for a twenty per cent pay rise.
The lawyer was paid a huge salary.
The government decided to increase salaries for civil servants.
His wages have gone up.
 ...the continuing marked increase in the remuneration of the
company's directors.
$31,000 is a generous remuneration.
Many families on low incomes will be unable to buy their own
homes.
Average income is now higher here than in most of Europe.
Common Collocations
a pay rise a salary increa
 a pay cyj,
 a wage demand
 a rate of pay
∙ golden handshake (golden handshakes)
N-COUNT
A golden handshake is a large sum of money that a company gives to an employee
when he or she leaves, as a reward for long service or good work.
He was given the golden handshake after losing his post as boss of the University
of Wales when it merged with another hospital.
∙  bonus (bonuses) N-COUNT
A bonus is an extra amount of money that is added to someone's pay, usually because
they have worked very hard.
Workers in big firms receive a substantial part of their pay in the
form of bonuses and overtime.
The BBC's 23 most senior managers shared £800,000 in bonus
payments last year.
Common Collocations
a bonus scheme  an annual bonus to receive a bonus
∙  benefit (benefits) N-COUNT
fringe benefit (fringe benefits) N-COUNT
Benefits or fringe benefits are extra things that some people get from their
job in addition to their salary, for example a car.
The parents were working but all were employed at jobs i paid little, did not
guarantee hours and did not provide z~:~4 They also want job security, increased
fringe benefits ana -J rights for part-time workers.
∙  benefits package (benefits packages) N-COU««
A benefits package is a set of benefits, such as health insurance and parental
leave, that some people get frorr :-∙ job in addition to their salary.
New West Consultants pays staff high wages and has a-excellent benefits package.
 ...a benefits package that included maternity leave, pare--: leave, adoption
aid, flexible schedules, part-time work, job sharing and support for care of
elderly dependents.
∙  perk (perks) N-COUNT
Perks are special benefits that are given to people who have!
particular job or belong to a particular group.
 ...a company car, private medical insurance and other pe'-_ One of the perks
of being a student is cheap travel.
∙  share option (share options) N-COUNT stock option (stock options) N-COUNT
A share option or stock option is an opportunity for tne employees of a company
to buy shares in the company at a special price.
Only a handful of firms offer share option schemes to all th
employees.
He made a huge profit from the sale of shares purchased m
January under the company's stock option program.
∙  minimum wage N-SINC
The minimum wage is the lowest wage that an employer s allowed to pay an employee,
according to a law or agreerre*: / think that the introduction of a national
minimum wage r:  first time ever will help millions of low-paid people.
∙  performance-related pay N-UNCOUNT
Performance-related pay is a rate of pay which is based c
how well someone does their job.
Teachers will fight Ministers' plans to introduce performance-related pay in
schools.
∙ compensation N-UNCOUNT
Compensation is money that someone who has experiencec loss or suffering claims
from the person or organization responsible, or from the state.
He received one year's salary as compensation for loss of office Executives are
increasingly willing to change companies for compensation packages that offer
the possibility of big bonuse:
3 social chapter: Topic 12.4; working conditions: Topic
14.3
160
Employees - Industrial Relations
 
∙ industrial relations N-PLURAL
Industrial relations refers to the relationship between employers and employees
in industry, and the political decisions and laws that affect it.
The offer is seen as an attempt to improve industrial relation!,.
New industrial relations legislation curbed the power of the unions.
∙ trade union (trade unions) N-COUNT
A trade union is an organization that has been formed by workers in order to
represent their rights and interests to their employers, for example in order
to improve working conditions or wages.
You can ask the tribunal to declare that your employer is infringing the regulations
or get your trade union to take this up.
∙ works council (works councils) N-COUNT
A works council is an elected body of workers within a company, which negotiates
with management over such things as working conditions, holiday and safety.
 ...a European directive calling for works councils for all
companies with more than 50 employees.
∙  staff representative (staff representatives)
N-COUNT
rep (reps) N-COUNT
A staff representative or rep is a worker who is elected by other workers to
represent their interests to management. The company yesterday began the process
of electing staff representatives to fulfil the legal requirements for consultation.
He called for staff representatives on the boardroom committees that control
directors' earnings.
If your employer has procedures to deal with bullying, follow them, taking a
colleague or union rep for support.
∙ arbitration N-UNCOUNT
Arbitration is the judging of a dispute between people or groups by someone who
is not involved. The matter is likely to go to arbitration.
∙ blue-collar ADJ white-collar ADI
Blue-collar workers work in industry, doing physical work, rather than in offices.
White-collar workers work in offices rather than doing physical work.
By 1925, blue-collar workers in manufacturing industry had
become the largest occupational group.
 ...corporate lawyers, accountants and other white-collar
workers.
∙ colleague (colleagues) N-COUNT CO-worker (co-workers) N-COUNT
Your colleagues or co-workers are the people you work with, especially people
on the same job or project as you.
Without consulting his colleagues he flew from Lisbon to S: : A co-worker of
mine mentioned that she leaves her compj'.-r all the time.
∙  strike (strikes, striking, struck)
CD N-COUNT
When there is a strike, workers stop doing their work for a period of time, usually
in order to try to get better pay or conditions for themselves.
French air traffic controllers have begun a three-day strike *
dispute over pay.
 ...a call for strike action. 13 VERB When workers strike, they take part in
a strike.
 ...their recognition of the workers' right to strike.
The government agreed not to sack any of the striking we- -:
∙  go on strike PHRASE
When workers go on strike, they strike.
Staff at the hospital went on strike in protest at the incide'::
∙ industrial action N-UNCOUNT
If workers take industrial action, they join together and z: something to show
that they are unhappy with their pay or working conditions, for example refusing
to work.
Prison officers will decide next week whether to take industr z
action over staffing levels.
∙ grievance (grievances) N-VAR
grievance procedure (grievance procedures)
N-COUNT
If you have a grievance about something that has happened i been done, you believe
that it was unfair. A grievance procedure is a set of guidelines produced by
a company or organization, which explains how to make a formal complai-" against
them.
The main grievance of the drivers is the imposition of higher ?* for driving
licences and certificates of proficiency. One of their biggest mistakes is failing
to put a formal grieve r: procedure in place to deal with staff complaints.
∙ tribunal (tribunals) N-COUNT
A tribunal is a special court or committee that is appointed t: deal with particular
problems.
His case comes before an industrial tribunal in March.
∙ working conditions N-PLURAL
Working conditions are the conditions which exist in your job, such as the number
of hours you are expected to work a': the amount of holiday you get.
The strikers are demanding better working conditions.
O employee: Topic 13.4; personnel: Topic 13.4; staff: Topic 13.4; workforce:
Topic 13.4; notice:Topic 14.1'
162
Topic 14.4   )    Employees - Equal Opportunities
∙  equal opportunities N-PLURAL
Equal opportunities refers to the policy of giving everyone the same opportunities
for employment, pay and promotion, without discriminating against particular
groups.
The profession's leaders must take action now to tackle racist
behaviour and to promote equal opportunities for all.
It recently appointed an Equal Opportunities Monitoring Officer
who examines all job applications.
Common Collocations
an equal opportunities policy an equal opportunities employer equal opportunities
legislation
∙ discriminate (discriminates, discriminating, discriminated) VERB
discrimination N-UNCOUNT
To discriminate against a group of people or in favour of a group of people means
to unfairly treat them worse or better than other groups. Discrimination is the
practice of treating one person or group of people less fairly or less well than
other people or groups.
They believe the law discriminates against women.
 ...legislation which would discriminate in favour of racial
minorities.
The Commission for Racial Equality teaches organisations not to
discriminate.
She is exempt from sex discrimination laws.
India swiftly denounced the proposal as deplorable and patent
discrimination against minorities.
∙  age discrimination N-UNCOUNT sexual discrimination N-UNCOUNT racial
discrimination N-UNCOUNT
Age discrimination is the practice of treating older people less fairly or less
well than other people. Sexual discrimination is the practice of treating the
members of one sex, usually women, less fairly or less well than those of the
other sex. Racial discrimination is the practice of treating people of some races
less fairly or less well than those of another race.
The government finally published its code of conduct to combat
age discrimination.
Women's groups denounced sexual discrimination.
 ... the elimination of racial discrimination and the promotion of
equal opportunity.
∙  positive action N-UNCOUNT positive discrimination N-UNCOUNT
Positive action or positive discrimination means making sure that people such
as women, members of smaller racial groups, and disabled people get a fair share
of the opportunities available. [BRIT]
Labour has promised to change the law to allow political parties to use positive
action to boost the number of women candidates.
 ...a referendum on whether positive discrimination in favour m women and blacks
should be abolished.
m disability (disabilities) N-COUNT
A disability is a permanent injury, illness, or physical or r-e-a condition that
tends to restrict the way that someone car * their life.
Facilities for people with disabilities are still insufficient.
 ...athletes who have overcome a physical disability to re~.- y
top of their sport.
∙  recruitment policy (recruitment policies)
N-COUNT
A company's recruitment policy is the set of attitudes 2- r actions it uses for
the selection of new staff.
Editors of newspapers will never admit to a racist recruitr-j—
policy.
∙  under-represented ADI
If a group of people is under-represented in a particula' activity, there are
fewer of them involved in the activity t think there should be.
Women are still under-represented in top-level civil service res .. .under-represented
groups such as women and ethnic minorities.
∙  interview (interviews, interviewing, interviev.ed|
Q] VERB
If you are interviewed for a particular job, someone asks
questions to find out if you are suitable for it.
When Wardell was interviewed, he was impressive, and on I
basis, he was hired.
[2 N-COUNT
If you go for an interview, someone asks you questions to I out whether you are
suitable for a job. ...an interview for a job as a TV researcher.
164
Topic 14.5        Employees - Increasing Productivity
 
∙  productivity N-COUNT
Productivity is the rate at which goods are produced or work is completed.
The third-quarter results reflect continued improvements in
His method of obtaining a high level of productivity is demanding.
∙  morale N-UNCOUNT
Morale is the amount of confidence and cheerfulness that a group of people have.
Personnel officers and managers must work together to enhance
employee morale and improve organizational performance.
One of your first priorities should be to work with managers to
improve staff morale.
Many pilots are suffering from low morale.
Common Collocations
low morale           to boost morale
staff morate
∙  sick leave N-UNCOUNT
Sick leave is the time that a person spends away from work because of illness
or injury.
/ have been on sick leave for seven months with depression.
I have no paid holiday, no paid pension or paid sick leave.
∙  unproductive ADI
Something or someone that is unproductive does not produce any good results.
Research workers are well aware that much of their time and
effort is unproductive.
 ... vast, unproductive state farms.
For businesses to survive the tough times, and prosper in the
good, they have to stand ready to cut costs and let unproductive
staff go.
∙  asset (assets) N-COUNT
Something or someone that is an asset is considered useful or helps a person
or organization to be successful.
We have here a very loyal, skilled and semi-skilled engineering
workforce who would be an asset to any employer.
Anne has a wealth of experience in presenting and reporting and
her obvious talent will be a great asset.
∙  motivate (motivates, motivating, motivated) VERB motivated ADJ
motivation N-UNCOUNT
If you are motivated by something, especially an emotion, it causes you to behave
in a particular way. Someone who is motivated has a strong wish to do something.
Motivation is a strong wish to do something.
They are motivated by a need to achieve.
[me tc
I don't want to be missing out. And that motiv<
and do something every day.
 ...highly motivated employees.
Some boredom and lack of motivation may be the result c'
heavy schedules and several years in the business.
Common Collocations
highly motivated                  self-motivation
lack of motivation
the motivation behind something
∙ job satisfaction N-UNCOUNT
Job satisfaction is the pleasure that you get from doing ;.: j
job.
/ doubt I'll ever get rich, but I get job satisfaction. Employees can benefit
from reduced commuting time, mo--: flexible work hours and increased job satisfaction.
They don't like their working conditions, they feel they are coa supervised and
have a lower level of job satisfaction than - :-other European country.
∙  absenteeism N-UNCOUNT
Absenteeism is the fact or habit of frequently being awa> --; work, usually without
a good reason.
 ...the high rate of absenteeism.
Absenteeism among a group of female workers was more
tolerated than the same level among males.
∙  Workplace (workplaces) N-COUNT Your workplace is the place where you
work.
 ...the difficulties facing women in the workplace. Their houses were workplaces
as well as dwellings. Workplace canteens are offering healthier foods than ever
bn
3 corporate culture: Topic 13.3; dress code: Topic 13 3
166