Деловой английский- расширяем активный словарный запас increasing sales

Topic 10,1
Increasing Sales - Describing Trading Performance
∙ rise (rises, rose, risen)
El VERB
If something rises, it it becomes greater in number, level, or amount.
Pre-tax profits rose from £842,000 to £1.82m.
Tourist trips in Britain rose by 10.5% between 1977 and 1987.
The number of business failures has risen.
i N-COUNT
If there is a rise in the number, level, or amount of something, it becomes greater.
 . ...the prospect of another rise in interest rates. Book sales totalled £886
million, a rise of 1.6%.
to rise share
Common Collocations
;      to rise rapidly       to rise dramatically
∙  increase (increases, increased, increased) decrease (decreases, decreasing,
decreased)
III VERB
If something increases or if you increase it, it becomes greater in number, level,
or amount. If something decreases or if you decrease it, it becomes less in quantity,
size, or intensity.
japan's industrial output increased by 2%.
The company has increased the price of its cars.
The increased investment will help stabilise the economy.
The number of independent firms decreased from 198 to 96.
Raw-steel production decreased 2.1% last week.
We've got stable labor, decreasing interest rates, low oil prices.
Ill N-COUNT
If there is an increase in the number, level, or amount of something, it becomes
greater. A decrease in the quantity, size, or intensity of something is a reduction
in it.
 ...a sharp increase in productivity.
He called for an increase of 1p on income tax.
There has been a decrease in the number of people out of work.
 ...a decrease of 40 per cent.
Common Collocations
to increase sharply      a marked increase
to significant!;/ increase/decrease a dramatic increase/decrease a significant
increase/decrease
∙  improve (improves, improving, improved) VERB improvement (improvements)
N-VAR
If something improves or if you improve it, it gets better. If there is an improvement
in something, it becomes better. If you make improvements to something, you make
it better.
The euro's rate against the dollar will also improve.
 ...a restructuring programme to improve its UK performance.
They were warned they were in danger of losing their franchises
unless they made vast improvements to services.
If there is room for improvement in employment regulations or
human resources, the software will show this.
∙ fall (falls, falling, fell, fallen) drop (drops, dropping, dropped)
U VERB
If something falls, it decreases in amount, value, or strength, level or amount
drops or if someone or something drops it, I quickly becomes less.
As the service sector has grown, the importance of oil to the
economy has fallen.
 ...a time of falling living standards.
The price of used cars dropped by 9.3 per cent.
He had dropped the price of his London home by £1.2Sm.
II] N-COUNT
If there is a fall in something, it decreases in amount, value, m strength. If
there is a drop in the level or amount of someth-it decreases quickly.
There was a sharp fall in the value of the pound.
He was prepared to take a drop in wages.
Common Collocations
to drop/fall sharply             a significant drop/fall
to drop/fall djamatic.aj}^.    a dramatic drop/fa!)

∙  level off (levels off, levelling off, levelled off)
PHRASAL VERB
stabilize (stabilizes, stabilizing, stabilized) VERB
If a changing number or amount levels off, it stops increasir: or decreasing
at such a fast speed. If something Stabilizes or is stabilized, it becomes stable.
There are predictions that prices will level off in the new year.
Officials hope the move will stabilize exchange rates.
Through this mechanism the price of the commodity can be
stabilized over time, avoiding short-term fluctuations in price.
∙  peak (peaks, peaking, peaked)
E VERB
When something peaks, it reaches its highest value or its
highest level.
British unemployment is likely to peak in the winter of 2002-C ∙
21 N-COUNT
The peak of a process or an activity is the point at which it is at its strongest,
most successful, or most fully developed. In the North East, for example, there
are twice as many vacancies as there were at the peak of the last boom in 1988
Skiing prices normally reach a peak at February half-term.
∙ constant ADJ
If an amount or level is constant, it stays the same over a
particular period of time.
Earnings have remained constant despite the strength of sterlirz It says more
than one-hundred-thousand immigrants would be needed annually to keep the workforce
at a constant level.
O decline: Topic 9.2; grow: Topic 10.2; growth: Topic
10.2
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Topic 10.2
Increasing Sales - Sales Objectives
∙  business objective (business objectives)
N-COUNT
sales objective (sales objectives) N-COUNT
A company's business objectives are the things that it is trying to achieve.
A company's sales objectives are the number of sales that it is trying to achieve.
The key business objectives of commercial and charitable organizations are essentially
the same - to bring in as much money as possible and to make the most effective
use of available resources. Sales objectives have surpassed expectations.
∙  maximize (maximizes, maximizing, maximized)
VERB
maximization N-UNCOUNT
If you maximize something, you make it as great in amount or importance as you
can. The maximization of something is the act of making it as great in amount
or importance as possible.
In order to maximize profit the firm would seek to maximize
output.
The manufacturer's interest is in developing effective distribution
in order to maximize sales to consumers.
Profit maximization is seen as one of the major objectives of a
business.
 .. .share-holders whose goal is the maximization of profits.
∙  grow (grows, growing, grown) VERB
[D If the economy or a business grows, it increases in wealth, size, or importance.
The economy continues to grow. ...a fast-growing business.
13 If someone grows a business, they take actions that will cause it to increase
in wealth, size, or importance. A lot of smaller enterprises have problems raising
capital to grow their business.
∙ growth N-UNCOUNT
The growth of something such as profits, sales, or turnover is the increase in
it.
It has restructured its American operations and is now
experiencing growth in sales of established products.
 ... the very rapid growth in profits and revenues achieved by
most high-tech companies.
The market has shown annual growth of 20 per cent for several
years.
His business has had a growth in turnover of 15-20% since the
1980s.
∙ turnover (turnovers) N-VAR
The turnover of a company is the value of the goods or services sold during a
particular period of time.
The company had a turnover of £3.8 million.
The association represents 98 percent of Australian companies in
the industry, which has an estimated totgl annual sales turr: 9 of $4.7 billion.
∙  expand (expands, expanding, expanded) VERB expansion N-UNCOUNT
If a company expands something such as its product range  I increases the number
of different products that it makes. The expansion of a product range is the
act of increasing it.
 ...a successful strgtegy of expanding its product range into
clothing and financial services.
Like the other designers, Doran moved into wallpaper as a ∙.
of expanding an existing product range.
Tesco is to speed up the expansion of its Internet home deli: -: i)
service, creating 7,000 full-time jobs.
 ...a team which was responsible fora rapid expansion of the :jrl
range, the Imp being followed by the Hillman Hunter and
Avenger models.
m new market (new markets) N-COUNT
If a company develops a new market for its products, it trie: nl sell its products
to a group of people that has not previously bought them.
The lack of national boundaries on the internet offers a huge
opportunity to reach new markets.
There are ambitious plans for expanding beyond that into ne*
markets.
Common Collocations
to open up new markets to break into new markets to expand into new markets to
move into new markets to find new markets              to develop new markets
∙  mission statement (mission statements)
N-COUNT
A company or organization's mission statement is a document which states what
they aim to achieve and the kinc DM service they intend to provide.
Parts of Levi's mission statement look a trifle unrealistic -
particularly abroad.
A mission statement should say who you are, what you do, n ~ — I
you stand for and why you do it.
O shareholder: Topic 7.2; dividend: Topic 7.2; profit: Topic 7.5; break even:
Topic 7.5; revenue: Topic 8.1; market share:Topic 12.1
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Topic
10.3
Increasing Sales -The War for Sales
0
∙  predatory pricing N-UNCOUNT
If a company practises predatory pricing, it charges a much lower price for its
products or services than its competitors in order to force them out of the market.
Predatory pricing by large supermarkets was threatening the
livelihood of smaller businesses in Queensland shopping centres.
Utah Pie charged that the defendants had engaged in predatory
pricing by selling pies below cost.
∙  price cutting N-UNCOUNT price war (price wars) N-COUNT
If a company engages in price cutting, it reduces the price of its products or
services in order to try to sell more of them. If competing companies are involved
in a price war, they each try to gain an advantage by lowering their prices as
much as possible in order to sell more of their products or services and damage
their competitors financially.
An understandable reluctance to travel, shared by many people
following the terrorist attacks in the United States, has led to
some drastic price cutting by holiday companies.
 ...a price-cutting campaign.
Their loss was partly due to a vicious price war between
manufacturers that has cut margins to the bone.
∙  price fixing N-UNCOUNT
If competing companies practise price fixing, they agree to charge the same price
as each other for similar products or services.
 ...companies that have engaged in price-fixing.
 ...allegations of price fixing.
∙  price discriminate (price discriminates, price discriminating, price
discriminated) VERB price discrimination N-UNCOUNT
If a company price discriminates, it charges different prices to different consumers
or in different markets for the same products or services. Price discrimination
is the practice of charging different prices to different consumers or in different
markets for the same products or services.
The firm must identify how much its customers are willing to pay
before it can effectively price discriminate.
 ...the government's past efforts to prevent price discrimination.
∙  undercut (undercuts, undercutting, undercut)
VERB
If you undercut someone or undercut their prices, you sell a product more cheaply
than they do.
The firm will be able to undercut its competitors whilst still
making a profit.
 ...promises to undercut air fares on some routes by 40 per cent.
Prices were undercut and profits collapsed.
Common Collocations
to undercut a competitor       to undercut a rival to undercut prices
∙  cartel (cartels) N-COUNT
A cartel is an association of similar companies or businesses have grouped together
in order to prevent competition and control prices.
Since RTZ has no agreements with other producers, it cannc:
accused of running a cartel.
Since 1993 OPEC, the oil cartel dominated by Saudi Arabia,
kept its output constant at around 25m barrels a day.
∙  restrictive practice (restrictive practices)
N-COUNT
Restrictive practices are ways in which people involved in industry, trade, or
profession protect their own interests, rath than having a system which is fair
to the public, employers, a other workers. [BRIT]
The Act was introduced to end restrictive practices in the ctoo: We had further
plans to tackle restrictive practices and other inefficiencies in the medical
profession.
∙  loss leader (loss leaders) N-COUNT
A loss leader is an item that is sold at such a low price that I makes a loss
in the hope that customers will be attracted by it and buy other goods at the
same shop.
Economy sliced bread became a loss leader and the supermar>9 turned to new premium
products to recoup their margins. Firms such as Gillette and Kodak have long
pushed loss te like razors and cameras so as to make a killing out of the bloc?
and film that go with them.
∙  collude (colludes, colluding, colluded) VERB collusion N-UNCOUNT
If one person, company, or organization colludes with anoth they co-operate with
them illegally or secretly. Collusion is secret or illegal co-operation between
companies or organizations.
Staff were colluding with tourist bus drivers and using the sar
ticket five or six times.
He found no evidence of collusion between record companies i
retailers.
Some stockbrokers, in collusion with bank officials, obtained
large sums of money for speculation.
O market leader: Topic 3.3; monopoly: Topic 3.3; riva Topic 3.3
114

Topic 10.4         Increasing Sales - Relocating the Business
∙ relocate (relocates, relocating, relocated) VERB
relocation (relocations) N-VAR
If people or businesses relocate or if someone relocates them, they move to a
different place. Relocation is the act of moving a person or business to a different
place.
If the company was to relocate, most employees would move.
Its headquarters will soon be relocated from Westminster to the
Greenwich site.
The company says the cost of relocation will be negligible.
 ... the relocation to Bristol of financial institutions like Lloyds TSB.
Common Collocations
to relocate to/from somewhere   relocation costs
a relocation package
relocation expens' forced relocation
relocation
∙  low-cost centre (low-cost centres) N-COUNT low-wage centre (low-wage
centres) N-COUNT
A low-cost centre is a country or region where business costs are lower, for
example because labour or materials are cheaper there. A low-wage centre is a
country or region where labour is cheap.
But as long as it remains a high-skill, relatively low-cost centre
that is free from excessive red tape, the City will thrive.
 ... well-educated, multilingual employees with specific process
skills, who live in, or are able and prepared to move to, relatively
low-cost centres.
Yet poorer provinces can undercut that. 'Shenzhen is no longer a
low-wage centre.' says Liu Shi Chao.
m enterprise zone (enterprise zones) N-COUNT
An enterprise zone is an area, usually a depressed or inner-city area, where
the government offers incentives, for example lower taxes, in order to attract
new businesses.
 ... the implementation of enterprise zones in communities with
high unemployment.
Because it is in an enterprise zone, taxes on non-food items are
3.5% instead of the usual 7%.
∙ greenfield site (greenfield sites) N-COUNT brownfield site (brownfield
sites) N-COUNT
A greenfield site is an area of land that has not been built on before. A brownfield
site is an area of land in a town or city where houses or factories have been
built in the past, but which is not being used at the present time.
The Government has ruled out the building of a new airport on a
greenfield site.
Most foreign investors in Britain have opted for greenfield sites.
Obviously greenfield sites are cheaper and easier for builders to
develop than brownfield ones.
By 2005 he wants half of all new houses to be built on
previously developed land: so-called brownfield sites.
∙  manufacturing base (manufacturing bases)
N-COUNT
The manufacturing base of a country or area is all the factories or companies
which produce goods there.
Working with their foreign investors, they were beginning s
to rebuild the country's manufacturing base.
I think it's very important for Connecticut to maintain a
manufacturing base.
∙ drift N-UNCOUNT
Drift refers to the tendency of some companies to move l manufacturing operations
to sites where costs are lower, especially to less developed countries.
The government is tackling the consequences of the drift of
manufacturing to the Far East.
After spotting the drift of chip manufacturing to countries 
lower costs in Asia, Mr Uchiyama switched into bio-electron;-.
O partnership: Topic 2.4; inward investment: Topic ! subsidy:Topic 3.2; raw materials:
Topic 4.3; component: Topic 6.3; supplier: Topic 12.2
116
Topic 10.5         Increasing Sales - Repositioning the Brand
∙  reposition (repositions, repositioning, repositioned) VERB
To reposition a company, product, or service means to try to interest more people
or different people in it, for example by changing certain things about it or
changing the way it is marketed.
The sell-off is aimed at repositioning the company as a publisher
principally of business information.
Mazda needs to reposition itself if it is to boost its sales.
∙  rebrand (rebrands, rebranding, rebranded) VERB rebranding N-UNCOUNT
To rebrand a product or organization means to present it to the public in a new
way, for example by changing its name or appearance. Rebranding is the process
of giving a product or an organization a new image, in order to make it more
attractive or successful.
There are plans to rebrand many Texas stores.
The £85m programme will involve an extensive rebranding of
the airline, designed to accentuate Virgin's 'Britishness'.
∙  re-evaluate (re-evaluates, re-evaluating, re-evaluated) VERB
If you re-evaluate something such as a plan or an idea, you consider it again
in order to make a judgement about it, for example about how good or bad it is.
However, it's vital to stand back occasionally and re-evaluate
where a business is heading.
We are currently re-evaluating our strategy to increase the profile
of this campaign.
∙  public image N-SINC
The public image of a company, product, or person is the perception that the
public has of them or of their values. The low-key profile adopted by Sir Philip
Beck, Mr Robinson's predecessor, exacerbated the company's bad public image.
It would be in the banks' best interests to participate in the UAR scheme because
it might help to improve their public image.
∙ facelift (facelifts) N-COUNT
If you give a place or thing a facelift, you do something to make it look better
or more attractive.
For the first time in years the factory is getting a facelift.
All BP's 19,800 petrol stations were given a facelift along with its
fleet of tankers.
Common Collocations
to have a facelift                  to get a facelift
to need a facelift                 to undergo a facelift
to be given a facelift
∙ rejuvenate (rejuvenates, rejuvenating,
rejuvenated) VERB
If you rejuvenate an organization or system, you make it more lively and more
efficient, for example by introducing new ideas.
The government pushed through schemes to rejuvenate the
cities.
He has masterminded South Korea's new business links with I
North, and has a record of rejuvenating fading businesses
∙ upmarket downmarket
[TJ ADJ
Upmarket products or services are expensive, of good qu = q and intended to appeal
to people in a higher social class. l! i describe a product or service as downmarket,
you think .-a they are cheap and are not very good in quality.
 ...restaurants which years ago weren't quite so upmarket ;: :
are today.
 ... K-Mart, the decidedly downmarket American chain.
13 ADV
If a product or service moves upmarket, it tries to appeal ~z people in a high
social class. If you say that a product or sei has moved downmarket, you mean
that it has become a: expensive and poorer in quality.
Japanese firms have moved steadily upmarket.
Now that American sales are slowing, both firms are movirz
downmarket.
∙ flagship brand (flagship brands) N-COUNT
The flagship brand among a company's products is the om that the company considers
most important.
Its single malt remains the flagship brand as the leading rr-z ~ i
Scotland and No. 2 in Britain.
They make the company's flagship brands, including Pepsi.
and Mirinda drinks.
3 strategy: Topic 2.5; target market: Topic 3.4; core values:Topic 3.4; downturn:Topic
7.3; turn around Topic 7.4; peak: Topic 10.1
118