English-подготовка к тестированию за 2 года prefer and would rather
_English_: Подготовка к тестированию за 2 года
Выпуск No39 (97) от 2009-11-07 Подписчиков: 1940 чел.
Здравствуйте!
Продолжаем идти вперед. Самое пристальное внимание обратите на
следующие правила.
В тестах любят давать задания на эти правила.
Prefer and would rather.
a) Prefer to do and prefer doing
You can use ' prefer to do and prefer doing' to say what you prefer in
general. Prefer to do is more usual.
I don't like cities. I prefer to live ( or I prefer
living) in the country.
________________________________________________________________________
I prefer ( doing) something to ( doing) something else.
But I prefer to do something rather than ( do)
something else.
__________________________________________________________________________
I prefer that coat to the coat you were wearing yesterday.
Tom prefers driving to travelling by train.
but: Tom prefers to drive rather than travel by train.
I prefer to live in the country rather than ( live) in a city.
b) Would prefer ( to do).
Use WOULD prefer to do ' to say
what someone wants to
do in a particular situation ( not in general):
Would you prefer tea or coffee? Coffee, please.
Shall we go by train? Well, I'd prefer to go by car. ( not going).
Note the structure: I'D PREFER TO DO SOMETHING RATHER THAN DO SOMETHING
ELSE. I'd prefer to stay at home tonight RATHER THAN GO to the cinema.
c) Would rather (do) = would prefer to do. After would rather
we use
the infinitive without to
Compare: Shall we go by train?- Well, I'd prefer to go by car.
Well, I'd rather go by car. ( not 'to
go') Would you rather have tea or coffee? Coffee, please.
I'm tired . I'd rather not go out this evening, if you don't mind.
Do you want to go out this evening? "I'd rather not.'
Note the structure: I'D RATHER DO SOMETHING THAN ( DO) SOMETHING ELSE.
I'd rather stay at home than go to the cinema.
d) Would rather someone did something .
When you want someone else to do something , you can
say I'd rather you did... /I'd rather he
did.... We use the past in this structure
but the meaning is present or future, not past. Compare: I'D RATHER
COOK THE DINNER NOW.
I'D RATHER YOU COOKED THE DINNER NOW, ( NOT I'd rather you cook). Shall
I stay here? Well, I'd rather you came with us.
I'd rather you didn't tell anyone what I said.
ЕСЛИ ВАМ ВСЕ ПОНЯТНО, ТО ПРОСТО ЗАМЕЧТЕЛЬНО. Если не очень –
перечитайте снова, выпишите в тетрадь примеры. Сравните их. Придумайте
свои. Снова почитайте правило.
Это очень трудно, но необходимо.
А теперь для начинающих.
Я просила вас вспомнить, что вы знаете о Present Simple.
Думаю, что самая распространенная фраза в
этом времени: DO YOU SPEAK ENGLISH?
Вот, она и поможет вам быстро научиться ставить вопросы со
вспомогательным глаголом DO.
Do you speak English? Do you play tennis? Do you go to
school? Do you like tea?
Вы только подставляйте глаголы, которые вам нужны. И можно
задавать вопросы до бесконечности.
А теперь: Does he speak
English? Думаю, что вы уже вспомнили и
утвердительную форму.
I like tea. He likes coffee. We play tennis every day. She plays
tennis in the morning.
Хочу напомнить форму вопроса к подлежащему в этом времени.
WHO LIKES TEA?
WHO PLAYS TENNIS?
Всегда будет S или es с глаголом в вопросе к подлежащему.
Почему-то ученики делают в этом случае ошибки.
А сейчас несколько строчек из учебника:
WE USE THE PRESENT SIMPLE TO TALK ABOUT THINGS IN GENERAL. We
are not thinking only about the present. We use it to say
that something happens all the time or repeatedly,
or something is true in general.
THE EARTH GOES ROUND THE SUN. NURSES LOOK AFTER PATIENTS IN HOSPITALS.
In Britain most of the shops CLOSE at 5.30p.m.
I work in a bank. Barry works in a shop.
Обратите внимание на нижеследующую фразу:
WHERE DO YOU COME FROM?= WHERE ARE YOU FROM? He comes from Japan.
Постарайтесь запомнить.
А теперь немного примеров.
1. You ( to know) English well?
2. I often ( to read) detective
stories.
3. He is very hard- working. He often ( to work) until midnight. It is
11 p.m. now and he ( to work).( будьте здесь особенно
внимательны).
4. They usually / to play/ in the garden in the afternoon.
Немного артиклей нам не помешают.
1.Ted is going to have... party. He has already invited...
few friends. Now he must
prepare everything for...
party. He's got enough
of...orange juice and...beer, but he needs ...sausage and cheese.
2. ... teacher told ... children to be quiet until she came back.
И предлоги:
1. I like to look / on, at, onto/ the books on my shelves and
to feel that I have my friends/ round, about, among/ me.
2. The rain is beating/ at, on, onto/ the windows.
3. I like to listen /-, to, on/ the radio.
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