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Walter Ewing Crum "A Coptic Dictionary", Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1939, 953
pages.
W.E. Crum's Coptic Dictionary is the authoritative
Coptic lexicon for studying the Coptic Bible and early Coptic Christian
writings. His work is comparable to the Oxford Latin Dictionary or the
Liddell & Scott Greek-English Lexicon in terms of its coverage of the
Coptic language.
Walter Ewing Crum (1865-1944), author of the Catalogues of Coptic
Manuscripts for both the British Museum and the John Rylands Library,
devoted thirty-five years to the preparation of his Coptic Dictionary,
first published in 1939. It immediately became, and has remained, the
definitive dictionary of the Coptic language. Each word is given with
variant word-forms, its context in English summary, the original or
equivalent words in Greek, and illustration of its use. Drawn from
sources including Sa'idic and Bohairic manuscripts, medieval
vocabularies, Manichean papyri, magical texts, inscriptions, and
official, ecclesiastical, and private documents, the dictionary offers a
comprehensive view of the language in all its dialects and all aspects
of its literature: biblical, patristic, and mundane.
Crum's work, finished in 1939, is a very comprehensive study of early
Coptic writings and the Coptic Bible, but was published before the
discovery of the Nag Hammadi in 1945. To account for these discoveries,
Richard Smith's work A Concise Coptic-English Lexicon, is an excellent
companion to Crum. Additions from the Nag Hammadi, which included many
well-known Gnostic writings, most notably the Gospel of Thomas, are
noted in Smith's lexicon, which was published in 1983. Taken together,
Crum and Smith provide excellent coverage of all important Coptic
literature.