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Английский язык. Пополняем словарный запас. How Alcohol Works II


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Английский язык. Пополняем словарный запас.

Алексей ВИНИДИКТОВ
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК.
Пополняем словарный запас.
ВЫПУСК № 54
от 23 ноября 2002г.

How Alcohol Works? Part II

Перед вами вторая часть статьи об алкоголе. Enjoy your drink and catch you later!

Any comments, questions, suggestions? Be our guests! E-mail us at engwords@vinidiktov.com

How Alcohol Enters and Leaves the Body

When a person drinks an alcoholic beverage, about 20 percent of the alcohol is absorbed in the stomach and about 80 percent is absorbed in the small intestine. How fast the alcohol is absorbed depends upon several things:

  • The concentration of alcohol in the beverage - The greater the concentration, the faster the absorption.
  • The type of drink - Carbonated beverages tend to speed up the absorption of alcohol.
  • Whether the stomach is full or empty - Food slows down alcohol absorption.

After absorption, the alcohol enters the bloodstream and dissolves in the water of the blood. The blood carries the alcohol throughout the body. The alcohol from the blood then enters and dissolves in the water inside each tissue of the body (except fat tissue, as alcohol cannot dissolve in fat). Once inside the tissues, alcohol exerts its effects on the body. The observed effects depend directly on the blood alcohol concentration (BAC), which is related to the amount of alcohol consumed. The BAC can rise significantly within 20 minutes after having a drink.

Once absorbed by the bloodstream, the alcohol leaves the body in three ways:

  • The kidney eliminates 5 percent of alcohol in the urine.
  • The lungs exhale 5 percent of alcohol, which can be detected by breathalyzer devices.
  • The liver chemically breaks down the remaining alcohol into acetic acid.

When you compare men and women of the same height, weight and build, men tend to have more muscle and less fat than women. Because muscle tissue has more water than fat tussue, a given dose or amount of alcohol will be diluted more in a man than in a woman. Therefore, the blood alcohol concentration resulting from that dose will be higher in a woman than in a man, and the woman will feel the effects of that dose of alcohol sooner than the man will.

As a rule of thumb, an average person can eliminate 0.5 oz (15 ml) of alcohol per hour. So, it would take approximately one hour to eliminate the alcohol from a 12 oz (355 ml) can of beer.
The BAC increases when the body absorbs alcohol faster than it can eliminate it. So, because the body can only eliminate about one dose of alcohol per hour, drinking several drinks in an hour will increase your BAC much more than having one drink over a period of an hour or more.

Copyright http://www.howstuffworks.com

That's all, folks!

 

С наилучшими пожеланиями,

Алексей Винидиктов.

http://www.vinidiktov.ru - Open Book - обучающая программа для пополнения словарного запаса.

http://www.vinidiktov.ru/download.htm - здесь можно скачать последнюю русскоязычную версию программы Open Book

http://www.vinidiktov.com/download.htm - здесь можно скачать последнюю англоязычную версию программы Open Book (эта версия для тех, у кого некорректно отображаются шрифты в русскоязычной версии)

http://www.vinidiktov.ru/vocabularies.htm - словари для программы Open Book.

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Any criticism or praise is welcome.

To be continued...
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