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Рассылка интернет-справочника "Обучение английскому языку"
meadow
['медэу]
луг
a field with grass and often wild flowers in it
There was a path through the meadow to the village.
This area used to be meadow but it was ploughed up during the war.
We walked through fields and meadows.
Meadow is used in the names of many wild flowers, insects and birds.
a meadow cranesbill (=a type of flower)
a meadow brown (=a type of insect)
a meadow pipit (=a type of bird)
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The Christmas Tree
A beautifully decorated evergreen tree, with colored lights ablaze inspires
in many warm memories of Christmases long past.
The Christmas tree has become one of the most beloved and well know holiday symbols.
The tradition of a holiday tree has been around since ancient times and has played
an important part in winter celebrations for many centuries.
Many pagan festivals used trees when honoring their gods and spirits.
In Northern Europe the Vikings considered the evergreen a symbol and reminder
that the darkness and cold of winter would end and the green of spring would return.
The Druids of ancient England and France decorated oak trees with fruit and candles
to honor their gods of harvests.
At the festival Saturnalia the Romans decorated trees with trinkets and candles.
There have also been many legends surrounding the lore of the Christmas tree.
In one story Saint Boniface, an English monk, came upon a group of pagans who had
gathered around an oak tree and were preparing to sacrifice a child.
To stop the sacrifice and save the child, the Saint flattened the oak tree with one
blow of his fist. A small fir sprang up in its place, which Saint Boniface told the pagans
was the Tree of Life and represented the life of Christ.
Another legend tells of Martin Luther, the founder of the Protestant religion, walking through
the woods late one night. As it was clear, many stars were shining through the branches of the
trees giving the impression of twinkling lights. Luther was so inspired by the beauty of the sight
that he cut down a small evergreen and brought it home. He recreated the stars by putting candles on
the tree's branches.
The use of a Christmas tree indoors appears to have begun in Germany. German Christians would bring
trees into their homes to decorate. In some areas evergreen trees were scarce so the families would
build a Christmas pyramid, simple wooden structures which they decorated with branches and candles.
The tradition of the Christmas tree eventually spread through out Europe. The English Royalty help
popularize the tree in England by decorating the first Christmas tree at Windsor Castle in 1841.
Prince Albert, husband of Queen Victoria, decorated the first English Christmas Tree with candles,
candies, fruits, and gingerbread.
When the German immigrants went to American they also brought along their Christmas trees.
In the 1830's most Americans still considered the Christmas tree an oddity.
One of the first public displays of a Christmas tree was set up by German Settlers in Pennsylvania.
At the time many still considered the tree to be a symbol of pagans and it wasn't until the late 1800's
that Americans began accepting the Christmas tree.
Early Christmas trees were often decorated with apples, nuts, cookies, colored popcorn
and candles. The invention of electricity in the early 20th century and use of electrical
Christmas lights helped spread the use of the Christmas tree.
It is now common in most communities through out the US to feature public displays
of Christmas trees. Every year the President of the United States lights the National
Christmas Tree in Washington and in New York skaters spin beneath the lighted tree
of Rockefeller Center. Through Europe and the rest of the world the Christmas tree has
also become readily accepted and adored.
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Новый год наступает сегодня! Желаем Вам счастья, удачи и здоровья! И пусть исполняться все Ваши мечты и желания, особенно желание выучить
английский язык!
С новым годом!
Олег Бондарев
Координатор проекта
Интернет-справочник: АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК.
everest@telemost.ru
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